Tema 2 · Nível B2
Dedução no passado
deve ter · pode ter · não pode ter
Velocidade do áudio
Must have
can't havedeve ter · não pode terdedução + have + partic.
can't havedeve ter · não pode terdedução + have + partic.
1Must have = deve ter
The street is wet. It must have rained.
Quase certeza, com evidência.
2Can't have = não pode ter
She can't have left. Her bag is here.
couldn't have = o mesmo
3Might / may have = pode ter
He might have missed the bus.
She may have forgotten.
Uns 50% de certeza.
4Escala
| must have | deve ter (quase certeza) |
| might / may / could have | pode ter (talvez) |
| can't / couldn't have | impossível |
5Não confunda
| must have done | dedução |
| had to do | obrigação no passado |
I had to work. I must have worked
6Respostas curtas
Where's Leo? — He might have gone home.
Who ate the cake? — It must have been the kids!
Erros comuns de brasileiros
| He must went home. | → | He must have gone home. |
| She can't has left. | → | She can't have left. |
| I must have worked yesterday. (obrigação) | → | I had to work yesterday. |
| He mustn't have seen it. (dedução) | → | He can't have seen it. |
| Maybe he might have… | → | He might have… |
mustn't ≠ can't have
Para dedução negativa, use can't have, não mustn't:
He can't have done it. He was with me!
mustn't = proibição.
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